The eco regimes (EERR) are one of the main novelties of the new CAP 2023-2027, which promotes the use of sustainable agricultural practices and adaptive measures to promote biodiversity.
The LIFE AMDRYC4 project integrates, within the framework of Action D1, the monitoring of physical, chemical and biological indicators for analysis.
Among the biological indicators studied in the LIFE AMDRYC4 plots, the promotion of biodiversity for adaptation based on ecosystems in Mediterranean rainfed agriculture has been studied, highlighting the study of the effectiveness of the use of native flora in the Corvera and Nogalte to attract wild fauna of interest, especially pollinating insects and controlling fauna of species that can cause crop pests.
It has been proven that the planting of native woody vegetation in alleys of almond crops in Nogalte and in agricultural areas of forestry vocation in Corvera and Nogalte have attracted a multitude of species of beneficial wildlife for rainfed crops and the ecosystems of the area. .
Among the many species of pollinating insects of interest attracted by these native vegetation plantations in Corvera and Nogalte, a multitude of honey bees (Apis mellifera) have been observed, which pollinate the flowers of almond, olive and carob trees. Specimens of the European carpenter bee (Xylocopa violacea) and the red admiral (Vanessa atalanta) have also been observed, which pollinate almond blossoms, and the red-necked heliotaur (Heliotaurus ruficollis), which pollinates olive blossoms.
Among the predatory fauna of species that can cause damage to rainfed crops detected in the plots, several species of coccinellids have been found, among them the best known: the seven-spot ladybug (Coccinella septempunctata), predator of aphids (aphids) . Several birds have also been observed, such as the little owl (Athene noctua), the roller (Coracias garrulus) or the gray shrike (Lanius meridionalis), which control the populations of grasshoppers, beetles and small rodents.
In addition, with the field observations obtained in the AMDRYC4 project and compiling information based on similar experiences from other projects, a catalog of Mediterranean wild flora species divided into climatic zones has been created for the design of adaptive measures against climate change. and the promotion of biodiversity in rainfed crops.
